{"id":527,"date":"2026-04-03T05:49:40","date_gmt":"2026-04-03T05:49:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hattussa.com\/blog\/?p=527"},"modified":"2026-04-03T05:49:40","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T05:49:40","slug":"creating-a-2m-parameter-thinking-llm-from-scratch-using-python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hattussa.com\/blog\/creating-a-2m-parameter-thinking-llm-from-scratch-using-python\/","title":{"rendered":"Creating a 2M Parameter Thinking LLM from scratch using python."},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n

<\/p>\n

\n
Table of contents<\/div>\n
    \n
  • Introduction<\/li>\n
  • What is a Mini LLM<\/li>\n
  • Training Pipeline<\/li>\n
  • Tech Stack<\/li>\n
  • Why It Matters<\/li>\n
  • Future Scope<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \n

    <\/p>\n

    \n

    \ud83d\ude80 Creating a 2M Parameter Thinking LLM from Scratch using Python<\/h2>\n

    \n Ever wondered how LLMs like ChatGPT<\/strong> or DeepSeek-R1<\/strong> are actually built?\n <\/p>\n

    \n The truth is \u2014 you don\u2019t always need billion-dollar infrastructure to start experimenting.
    \n We built a 2 Million parameter thinking LLM<\/strong> using just Python \u2014
    \n and it completely changed how we understand AI systems.\n <\/p>\n

    \n This project proves that with the right approach, even small-scale models
    \n can demonstrate reasoning, learning, and adaptability<\/strong>.\n <\/p>\n<\/section>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \n

    \ud83e\udde0 What is a Mini LLM?<\/h2>\n

    \n A mini LLM is a lightweight version of large language models,
    \n designed for experimentation, learning, and rapid prototyping.\n <\/p>\n

    \n While it may not match billion-parameter models, it still captures
    \n the core transformer-based intelligence<\/strong> behind modern AI.\n <\/p>\n

    \n These models are perfect for developers who want to understand
    \n how LLMs work under the hood.\n <\/p>\n<\/section>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \n

    \u2699\ufe0f Training Pipeline<\/h2>\n

    \n Building an LLM involves three key stages:\n <\/p>\n

      \n
    • \ud83d\udd39 Pretraining:<\/strong> Learn language patterns using transformer architecture<\/li>\n
    • \ud83d\udd39 Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT):<\/strong> Train on Q&A datasets for specific tasks<\/li>\n
    • \ud83d\udd39 RLHF:<\/strong> Improve responses using human feedback<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \n This pipeline enables the model to evolve from basic text prediction
      \n to context-aware and human-aligned responses<\/strong>.\n <\/p>\n

      \n It\u2019s similar to how humans learn \u2014 first understanding,
      \n then practicing, and finally refining through feedback.\n <\/p>\n<\/section>\n

      <\/p>\n

      \n

      \ud83d\udcbb Tech Stack & Implementation<\/h2>\n

      \n The entire model was built using simple yet powerful tools:\n <\/p>\n

        \n
      • \ud83d\udc0d Python for model development<\/li>\n
      • \ud83d\udd25 PyTorch \/ TensorFlow for deep learning<\/li>\n
      • \ud83e\udde0 Transformer architecture for sequence modeling<\/li>\n
      • \ud83d\udcda Custom datasets for training and fine-tuning<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \n Even with limited resources, efficient design choices make
        \n it possible to train a functional LLM on smaller hardware.\n <\/p>\n<\/section>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \n

        \ud83d\udd0d Why It Matters<\/h2>\n

        \n This project highlights an important idea:
        \n AI should be accessible to everyone.<\/strong>\n <\/p>\n

        \n You don\u2019t need massive infrastructure to start building intelligent systems.
        \n With the right knowledge, individuals and small teams can
        \n contribute to the AI revolution.\n <\/p>\n

          \n
        • \ud83c\udf0d Encourages open-source AI innovation<\/li>\n
        • \ud83d\udcc9 Reduces dependency on big tech<\/li>\n
        • \ud83d\ude80 Enables faster experimentation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n

          <\/p>\n

          \n

          \ud83d\udca1 Future Scope<\/h2>\n

          \n The journey doesn\u2019t stop here. Mini LLMs can evolve into:\n <\/p>\n

            \n
          • \ud83e\udd16 Domain-specific AI assistants<\/li>\n
          • \ud83d\udcf1 Edge AI models running on devices<\/li>\n
          • \ud83e\udde9 Plug-and-play AI modules for apps<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \n As tools improve, building your own LLM will become
            \n faster, easier, and more powerful.\n <\/p>\n

            \n \ud83d\ude80 Let\u2019s build, learn, and innovate together!\n <\/p>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            You don\u2019t need massive infrastructure to start building intelligent systems. With the right knowledge, individuals and small teams can contribute to the AI revolution.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":528,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-527","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hattussa.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/527","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hattussa.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hattussa.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hattussa.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hattussa.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=527"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hattussa.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/527\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":529,"href":"https:\/\/hattussa.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/527\/revisions\/529"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hattussa.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/528"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hattussa.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=527"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hattussa.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=527"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hattussa.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=527"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}